What is Firmographic Data?

Firmographic data is a set of attributes that describe a company's identity and characteristics. Just as demographic data profiles individual consumers (age, gender, income), firmographic data profiles businesses. The core firmographic fields include industry classification (SIC/NAICS codes), annual revenue, employee headcount, geographic location (headquarters and office locations), year founded, ownership type (public, private, subsidiary), and company structure.

In B2B sales and marketing, firmographic data serves as the foundation for account-level targeting, segmentation, and qualification. It enables teams to answer fundamental questions: Is this company in our target industry? Are they large enough to need our product? Are they in a geography we serve? Do they have the budget for our solution? Without firmographic data, these questions require manual research that does not scale.

Firmographic data powers several critical workflows. Market segmentation uses firmographics to divide the total addressable market into targetable groups. ICP scoring uses firmographic attributes to determine fit with the ideal customer profile. Territory assignment uses company location and size to distribute accounts across sales teams. Personalization uses industry and company stage to tailor messaging and content.

The challenge with firmographic data is that it is not always available or accurate. Companies do not publicly report all of their attributes, and the information that is available changes over time. Revenue figures may be estimates, employee counts may be outdated, and industry classifications may not capture what a company actually does. Multiple data providers often report different values for the same company, requiring normalization and conflict resolution.

Cleanlist enriches records with comprehensive firmographic data by querying multiple data providers through its waterfall enrichment engine. This multi-source approach produces more accurate firmographics because it can cross-reference values from different providers, selecting the most recent and reliable data point for each field. The platform standardizes industry codes, normalizes revenue ranges, and reconciles conflicting headcount figures to deliver clean, consistent firmographic profiles.